As an actor, Yuan became extremely popular and took on the nickname "man with a thousand faces." Yuan gained prominence in a series of films for the leftist Diantong Film Company. These included the film ''Plunder of Peach and Plum'' and the ''Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm'' where he was one of the two original singers of the movie's theme song, '''', which later became the national anthem of China.
His career eventually brought him to director's chair. His direction of the film '''' , which starred the famous singer Zhou Xuan as the lead actress, is still considered one of the best films from the "second generation" of Chinese filmmakers. Yuan also continued to act in roles, notably '''' depicting the events of the Defense of Sihang Warehouse.
After 1949, Yuan continued to be a major figure in the film industry, helping to found , which eventually became the first state-controlled in the People's Republic of China.
Yuan was a delegate to the first National People's Congress and the third Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
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